Hypothermia and Frostbite –
What They Are and What To Do

Before sending your children out to make snow angels or a snowman, be sure you have them dressed properly. Frostbite and even hypothermia can occur very quickly so it’s important to recognize the signs and understand how to treat them.   

• In cold weather it’s important to dress your children in layers. Several thin layers will keep them dry and warm.
• The rule of thumb is to dress children in one more layer of clothing than an adult would wear in the same conditions.
• Do not allow them to stay outside for long periods of time – bring them in to warm up. (Tempt them with a mug of warm hot chocolate!)

Hypothermia:
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), hypothermia develops when a child's temperature falls below normal due to prolonged exposure to cold.

• As hypothermia sets in, your child may shiver and become lethargic and clumsy. His speech may become slurred and his body temperature will decline.
• If you suspect your child is hypothermic, call 911 at once. Until help arrives, take him indoors, remove any wet clothing, and wrap him in blankets or warm clothes.

Frostbite:
Frostbite happens when the skin and outer tissues become frozen. This condition tends to happen most often on extremities like the fingers, toes, ears and nose. They may become pale, gray and blistered. At the same time, your child may complain that her skin burns or has become numb.

• If frostbite occurs, bring your child indoors and place the frostbitten parts of her body in warm (not hot!) water. Warm washcloths may be applied to frostbitten nose, ears and lips.
• Do not rub the frozen areas.
• After a few minutes, dry and cover her with clothing or blankets. Give her something warm to drink.